Affiliation:
1. Department of Bacterial Infections
2. Department of Mucosal Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
, a gram-negative marine bacterium, is a worldwide cause of food-borne gastroenteritis. Recent genome sequencing of the clinical
V. parahaemolyticus
strain RIMD2210633 identified two sets of genes for the type III secretion system (TTSS), TTSS1 and TTSS2. Here, we constructed a series of mutant strains from RIMD2210633 to determine whether the two putative TTSS apparatus are functional. The cytotoxic activity of mutant strains having a deletion in one of the TTSS1 genes was significantly decreased compared with that of the parent and TTSS2-related mutant strains. In an enterotoxicity assay with the rabbit ileal loop test, intestinal fluid accumulation was diminished by deletion of the TTSS2-related genes while TTSS1-related mutants caused a level of fluid accumulation similar to that of the parent. VopD, a protein encoded in the proximity of the TTSS1 region and a homologue of the
Yersinia
YopD, was secreted in a TTSS1-dependent manner. In contrast, VopP, which is encoded by a pathogenicity island on chromosome 2 and is homologous to the
Yersinia
YopP, was secreted via the TTSS2 pathway. These results provide evidence that
V. parahaemolyticus
TTSSs function as secretion systems and may have a role in the pathogenicity of the organism. This is the first report of functional TTSSs in
Vibrio
species. The presence of TTSS apparatus gene homologues was demonstrated in other vibrios, such as
Vibrio alginolyticus
,
Vibrio harveyi
, and
Vibrio tubiashii
, suggesting that some other vibrios also contain TTSS and that the TTSS has a role in protein secretion in those organisms during interaction with eukaryotic cells.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Immunology,Microbiology,Parasitology
Cited by
339 articles.
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