The Cervicovaginal Microbiota-Host Interaction Modulates Chlamydia trachomatis Infection

Author:

Edwards Vonetta L.12ORCID,Smith Steven B.1ORCID,McComb Elias J.1ORCID,Tamarelle Jeanne3ORCID,Ma Bing12ORCID,Humphrys Michael S.1,Gajer Pawel12,Gwilliam Kathleen1,Schaefer Alison M.4,Lai Samuel K.4ORCID,Terplan Mishka5,Mark Katrina S.5,Brotman Rebecca M.16ORCID,Forney Larry J.7ORCID,Bavoil Patrik M.8ORCID,Ravel Jacques12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

3. Biostatistics, Biomathematics, Pharmacoepidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Institut Pasteur, INSERM, Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France

4. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

6. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

7. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA

8. Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

Abstract

The vaginal microbiota is believed to protect women against Chlamydia trachomatis , the etiologic agent of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection (STI) in developed countries. The mechanism underlying this protection has remained elusive. Here, we reveal the comprehensive strategy by which the cervicovaginal microbiota modulates host functions to protect against chlamydial infection, thereby providing a novel conceptual mechanistic understanding. Major implications of this work are that (i) the impact of the vaginal microbiota on the epithelium should be considered in future studies of chlamydial infection and other STIs and (ii) a fundamental understanding of the cervicovaginal microbiota’s role in protection against STIs may enable the development of novel microbiome-based therapeutic strategies to protect women from infection and improve vaginal and cervical health.

Funder

HHS | National Institutes of Health

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Virology,Microbiology

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