Abstract
Five imidazoles (clotrimazole, econazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, and tioconazole) in clinical use were compared for their ability to inhibit and kill Candida albicans. Eleven isolates were obtained from patients before therapy. By spectrophotometric determination of 50% growth inhibition, all isolates were inhibited at low concentrations, with clotrimazole slightly less active than the other four drugs. By the conventional MIC determination, tioconazole was more active than all of the others (P less than 0.01) except clotrimazole. In killing (minimum fungicidal concentration [MFC] assay), tioconazole was the most active by several analyses. Studies of the kinetics of killing indicated that the drugs studied could kill under conditions used for the MFC determination and that tioconazole and ketoconazole could kill particularly rapidly. If the drug was washed from the cells before subculturing, concentrations above the MFC were required to kill, but tioconazole could produce a lethal lesion in all cells virtually instantaneously. These findings are pertinent to MFC and killing kinetics methodology and to the observation of drug persistence after topical application. The results differ from some previous in vitro comparisons made with different methods. They are relevant to conclusions about drug mechanisms based on their abilities to inhibit and to kill, and they underscore the need to study various assay methods and fungal species.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Pharmacology (medical),Pharmacology
Reference24 articles.
1. Open studies of the efficacy, tolerance, systemic absorption and vaginal persistence following a single application of tioconazole ointment in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis;Artner J.;Gynaekol. Rundsch.,1983
2. Comparison of miconazole and ketoconazole activities against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis;Gebbs W. H.;IRCS Med. Sci. Libr. Compend.,1982
3. Clotrimazole: new drug for systemic mycoses? Ann;Bennett J. E.;Intern. Med.,1970
4. Disposition of ketoconazole, an oral antifungal, in humans;Brass C.;Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.,1982
5. Clotrimazole (Bay b 5097): in vitro and clinical pharmacological studies;Burgess M. A.;Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.,1972
Cited by
37 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献