Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 “Cryptic,” or Deficient in 5′-Nucleotidase (Uridine Diphosphate-Sugar Hydrolase) and 3′-Nucleotidase (Cyclic Phosphodiesterase) Activity

Abstract

Mutants of Escherichia coli have been selected for the absence of 5′-nucleotidase (uridine diphosphate-sugar hydrolase) and 3′-nucleotidase (2′,3′-cyclic phophodiesterase). Mutants selected for the absence of 5′-nucleotidase are of two kinds: those that lack detectable activity for the enzyme (Ush − ), and those that possess activity when cell extracts are assayed, but not when intact cells are assayed (cryptic; Crp − ). The latter class is probably identical to a type of mutant previously reported by Ward and Glaser. When mutants are selected for the absence of 3′-nucleotidase, Crp − mutants are also obtained. Thus far, however, mutants totally lacking this enzyme have not been found. The location on the genetic map of one ush mutation is at position 11 min and that of one crp mutation at approximately 67 min. In the crp mutant, 5′-nucleotidase and 3′-nucleotidase remain located in the periplasm. This mutant is also cryptic for alkaline phosphatase but not for acid hexose phosphatase. Treatment of cells with ethylenediamine-tetraacetate substantially alleviated crypticity. These data are discussed in terms of the organization of periplasmic enzymes and of the outer membrane as a permeability barrier.