Affiliation:
1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
2. Department of Immunology, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The initial infection of children by
Streptococcus mutans
, the main pathogen of dental caries, depends on the ability of
S. mutans
to adhere and accumulate on tooth surfaces. These processes involve the adhesin antigen I/II (AgI/II), glucosyltransferases (GTF) and glucan-binding protein B (GbpB), each a target for anticaries vaccines. The salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody responses to
S. mutans
antigens (Ags) were characterized in 21 pairs of 5- to 13-month-old children. Pairs were constructed with one early
S. mutans
-infected and one noninfected child matched by age, racial background, number of teeth, and salivary levels of IgA. Specific salivary IgA antibody response and
S. mutans
infection levels were then measured during a 1-year follow-up. Robust responses to
S. mutans
were detected from 6 months of age. Salivary IgA antibody to AgI/II and GTF was commonly detected in salivas of all 42 children. However, GbpB-specific IgA antibody was seldom detected in the subset of infected children (38.1% at baseline). In contrast, most of the subset of noninfected children (76.2%) showed GbpB-reactive IgA antibody during the same period. Frequencies of GbpB responses increased with age, but differences in intensities of GbpB-IgA antibody reactions were sustained between the subsets. At baseline, GbpB-reactive IgA antibody accounted for at least half of the total salivary IgA
S. mutans
-reactive antibody in 33.3 and 9.5% of noninfected and infected children, respectively. This study provides evidence that a robust natural response to
S. mutans
Ags can be achieved by 1 year of age and that IgA antibody specificities may be critical in modulating initial
S. mutans
infection.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Immunology,Microbiology,Parasitology
Cited by
54 articles.
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