Macromolecular Synthesis Shutoff Resistance by Myeloid Cells Is Critical to IRF7-Dependent Systemic Interferon Alpha/Beta Induction after Alphavirus Infection

Author:

Bhalla Nishank1,Gardner Christina L.1,Downs Sierra N.1,Dunn Matthew1,Sun Chengqun1,Klimstra William B.1

Affiliation:

1. Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

Abstract

Most previous research exploring the interaction of alphaviruses with host cell antiviral responses has been conducted using fibroblast lineage cell lines. Previous studies have led to the discovery of virus-mediated activities that antagonize host cell antiviral defense pathways, such as host cell translation and transcription inhibition and suppression of STAT1 signaling. However, their relevance and impact upon myeloid lineage cell types, which are key responders during the initial stages of alphavirus infection in vivo , have not been well studied. Here, we demonstrate the different abilities of myeloid cells to resist VEEV infection compared to nonmyeloid cell types and begin to elucidate the mechanisms by which host antiviral responses are upregulated in myeloid cells despite the actions of virus-encoded antagonists.

Funder

HHS | National Institutes of Health

DOD | Defense Threat Reduction Agency

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology

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