1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
3. Institut Pasteur, French National Reference Center for Pertussis and other Bordetelloses, Paris, France
4. Quebec Laboratory of Public Health, Sainte-Anne-de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada