Affiliation:
1. State key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan, China
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Dactylellina haptotyla
is a typical nematode-trapping fungus that has garnered the attention of many scholars for its highly effective lethal potential for nematodes. Secondary metabolites play an important role in
D. haptotyla
-nematode interactions, but which metabolites perform which function remains unclear. We report the metabolic functions based on high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly of wild
D. haptotyla
YMF1.03409. The results indicate that a large variety of secondary metabolites and their biosynthetic genes were significantly upregulated during the nematode-trapping stage. In parallel, we identified that 2-furoic acid was specifically produced during nematode trapping by
D. haptotyla
YMF1.03409 and isolated it from fermentation production. 2-Furoic acid demonstrated strong nematicidal activity with an LD
50
value of 55.05 µg/mL against
Meloidogyne incognita
at 48 h. Furthermore, the pot experiment showed that the number of galls of tomato root was significantly reduced in the experimental group treated with 2-furoic acid. The considerable increase in the 2-furoic acid content during the infection process and its virulent nematicidal activity revealed an essential synergistic effect during the process of nematode-trapping fungal infection.
IMPORTANCE
Dactylellina haptotyla
have significant application potential in nematode biocontrol. In this study, we determined the chromosome-level genome sequence of
D. haptotyla
YMF1.03409 by long-read sequencing technology. Comparative genomic analysis identified a series of pathogenesis-related genes and revealed significant gene family contraction events during the evolution of
D. haptotyla
YMF1.03409. Combining transcriptomic and metabolomic data as well as
in vitro
activity test results, a compound with important application potential in nematode biocontrol, 2-furoic acid, was identified. Our result expanded the genetic resource of
D. haptotyla
and identified a previously unreported nematicidal small molecule, which provides new options for the development of plant biocontrol agents.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Cell Biology,Microbiology (medical),Genetics,General Immunology and Microbiology,Ecology,Physiology
Cited by
6 articles.
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