Yeast Exonuclease 5 Is Essential for Mitochondrial Genome Maintenance

Author:

Burgers Peter M.1,Stith Carrie M.1,Yoder Bonita L.1,Sparks Justin L.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110

Abstract

ABSTRACT Yeast exonuclease 5 is encoded by the YBR163w ( DEM1 ) gene, and this gene has been renamed EXO5 . It is distantly related to the Escherichia coli RecB exonuclease class. Exo5 is localized to the mitochondria, and EXO5 deletions or nuclease-defective EXO5 mutants invariably yield petites, amplifying either the ori3 or ori5 region of the mitochondrial genome. These petites remain unstable and undergo continuous rearrangement. The mitochondrial phenotype of exo5 Δ strains suggests an essential role for the enzyme in DNA replication and recombination. No nuclear phenotype associated with EXO5 deletions has been detected. Exo5 is a monomeric 5′ exonuclease that releases dinucleotides as products. It is specific for single-stranded DNA and does not hydrolyze RNA. However, Exo5 has the capacity to slide across 5′ double-stranded DNA or 5′ RNA sequences and resumes cutting two nucleotides downstream of the double-stranded-to-single-stranded junction or RNA-to-DNA junction, respectively.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Cell Biology,Molecular Biology

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