Affiliation:
1. School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering
2. Department of Microbiology University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
Abstract
Bacteria were isolated from wastewater and soil containing charred wood remnants based on their ability to use levoglucosan as a sole carbon source and on their levoglucosan dehydrogenase (LGDH) activity. On the basis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences, these bacteria represented diverse genera of
Microbacterium, Paenibacillus
,
Shinella
, and
Klebsiella
. Genomic sequencing of the isolates verified that two isolates represented novel species,
Paenibacillus athensensis
MEC069
T
and
Shinella sumterensis
MEC087
T
, while the remaining isolates were closely related to either
Microbacterium lacusdiani
or
Klebsiella pneumoniae
. The genetic sequence of LGDH,
lgdA
, was found in the genomes of these four isolates as well as
Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans
Sphe3. The identity of the
P. phenanthrenivorans
LGDH was experimentally verified following recombinant expression in
E. coli
. Comparison of the putative genes surrounding
lgdA
in the isolate genomes indicated that several other gene products facilitate the bacterial catabolism of levoglucosan, including a putative sugar isomerase and several transport proteins.
Importance
Levoglucosan is the most prevalent soluble carbohydrate remaining after high temperature pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, but it is not fermented by typical production microbes such as
Escherichia coli
and
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
. A few fungi metabolize levoglucosan via the enzyme levoglucosan kinase, while several bacteria metabolize levoglucosan via levoglucosan dehydrogenase. This study describes the isolation and characterization of four bacterial species which degrade levoglucosan. Each isolate is shown to contain several genes within an operon involved in levoglucosan degradation, furthering our understanding of bacteria which metabolize levoglucosan.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Ecology,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,Food Science,Biotechnology
Cited by
7 articles.
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