Unveiling Crucivirus Diversity by Mining Metagenomic Data

Author:

de la Higuera Ignacio1,Kasun George W.1,Torrance Ellis L.1,Pratt Alyssa A.1,Maluenda Amberlee1,Colombet Jonathan2,Bisseux Maxime2,Ravet Viviane2,Dayaram Anisha3,Stainton Daisy4,Kraberger Simona5,Zawar-Reza Peyman6,Goldstien Sharyn7,Briskie James V.7,White Robyn7,Taylor Helen8,Gomez Christopher9,Ainley David G.10,Harding Jon S.7,Fontenele Rafaela S.5,Schreck Joshua5,Ribeiro Simone G.11,Oswald Stephen A.12,Arnold Jennifer M.12,Enault François2,Varsani Arvind5713ORCID,Stedman Kenneth M.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biology, Center for Life in Extreme Environments, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA

2. Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, UMR 6023, Clermont–Ferrand, France

3. Institut für Neurophysiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany

4. Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA

5. The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Center for Evolution and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA

6. School of Earth and Environment, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand

7. School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand

8. Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

9. Graduate School of Maritime Sciences, Laboratory of Sediment Hazards and Disaster Risk, Kobe University, Kobe City, Japan

10. HT Harvey and Associates, Los Gatos, California, USA

11. Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brazil

12. Division of Science, Pennsylvania State University, Reading, Pennsylvania, USA

13. Structural Biology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa

Abstract

Viruses are the most abundant biological entities on Earth. In addition to their impact on animal and plant health, viruses have important roles in ecosystem dynamics as well as in the evolution of the biosphere. Circular Rep-encoding single-stranded (CRESS) DNA viruses are ubiquitous in nature, many are agriculturally important, and they appear to have multiple origins from prokaryotic plasmids. A subset of CRESS-DNA viruses, the cruciviruses, have homologues of capsid proteins encoded by RNA viruses. The genetic structure of cruciviruses attests to the transfer of capsid genes between disparate groups of viruses. However, the evolutionary history of cruciviruses is still unclear. By collecting and analyzing cruciviral sequence data, we provide a deeper insight into the evolutionary intricacies of cruciviruses. Our results reveal an unexpected diversity of this virus group, with frequent recombination as an important determinant of variability.

Funder

American New Zealand Association

Brian Mason Scientific & Technical Trust of New Zealand

HHS | National Institutes of Health

National Science Foundation

U.S. Department of Education

NASA Astrobiology Institute

EU | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Virology,Microbiology

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