The Zur-Regulated ZinT Protein Is an Auxiliary Component of the High-Affinity ZnuABC Zinc Transporter That Facilitates Metal Recruitment during Severe Zinc Shortage

Abstract

ABSTRACT The pathways ensuring the efficient uptake of zinc are crucial for the ability of bacteria to multiply in the infected host. To better understand bacterial responses to zinc deficiency, we have investigated the role of the periplasmic protein ZinT in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. We have found that zinT expression is regulated by Zur and parallels that of ZnuA, the periplasmic component of the zinc transporter ZnuABC. Despite the fact that ZinT contributes to Salmonella growth in media containing little zinc, disruption of zinT does not significantly affect virulence in mice. The role of ZinT became clear using strains expressing a mutated form of ZnuA lacking a characteristic histidine-rich domain. In fact, Salmonella strains producing this modified form of ZnuA exhibited a ZinT-dependent capability to import zinc either in vitro or in infected mice, suggesting that ZinT and the histidine-rich region of ZnuA have redundant function. The hypothesis that ZinT and ZnuA cooperate in the process of zinc recruitment is supported by the observation that they form a stable binary complex in vitro . Although the presence of ZinT is not strictly required to ensure the functionality of the ZnuABC transporter, our data suggest that ZinT facilitates metal acquisition during severe zinc shortage.