Affiliation:
1. Department of Medical Microbiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
Abstract
In vitro studies were performed to evaluate the activity of cefaclor in comparison with cephalexin against 180 clinical isolates. Broth dilution susceptibility tests showed cefaclor to be 4- to 16-fold more active than cephalexin against
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae
, and cephalothin-susceptible
Enterobacteriaceae
. Neither drug was highly active against cephalothin-resistant
Enterobacteriaceae
or methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
. Cefaclor zones with 30-μg disks were generally larger than cephalexin zones, 4 mm larger than cephalothin zones against
Enterobacteriaceae
, and 6 mm smaller than cephalothin zones against
S. aureus
. Quantitative kill curves indicated that killing by both cefaclor and cephalexin was slow and often incomplete over a 24-h period. Cefaclor-induced filamentation of gram-negative bacilli was not as extensive as that produced by cephalexin, and some spherule formation did occur. However, cefaclor was significantly more unstable in solution than cephalexin, with a half-life of less than 6 h at 37°C. Thus, results obtained in tests after prolonged incubation may not provide an accurate measure of cefaclor's activity.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Pharmacology (medical),Pharmacology
Cited by
44 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
1. Cephalosporins;Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases;2015
2. Antibacterial Drugs;Drug Discovery;2013-04-09
3. Cephalosporins;Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases;2010
4. Enzymatic Preparation of Cefaclor with Immobilized Penicillin Acylase;Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology;2008-03
5. PK–PD modelling of the effect of cefaclor on four different bacterial strains;International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents;2004-03