Affiliation:
1. Department of Oral Biology, New Jersey Dental School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
2. National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Cell-free extracts prepared from
Kingella kingae
colony biofilms were found to inhibit biofilm formation by
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
,
Klebsiella pneumoniae
,
Staphylococcus aureus
,
Staphylococcus epidermidis
,
Candida albicans
, and
K. kingae
. The extracts evidently inhibited biofilm formation by modifying the physicochemical properties of the cell surface, the biofilm matrix, and the substrate. Chemical and biochemical analyses indicated that the biofilm inhibition activity in the
K. kingae
extract was due to polysaccharide. Structural analyses showed that the extract contained two major polysaccharides. One was a linear polysaccharide with the structure →6)-α-
d
-GlcNAc
p
-(1→5)-β-
d
-OclA
p
-(2→, which was identical to a capsular polysaccharide produced by
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
serotype 5. The second was a novel linear polysaccharide, designated PAM galactan, with the structure →3)-β-
d
-Gal
f
-(1→6)-β-
d
-Gal
f
-(1→. Purified PAM galactan exhibited broad-spectrum biofilm inhibition activity. A cluster of three
K. kingae
genes encoding UDP-galactopyranose mutase (
ugm
) and two putative galactofuranosyl transferases was sufficient for the synthesis of PAM galactan in
Escherichia coli
. PAM galactan is one of a growing number of bacterial polysaccharides that exhibit antibiofilm activity. The biological roles and potential technological applications of these molecules remain unknown.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Molecular Biology,Microbiology
Cited by
85 articles.
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