Inhibition of Aerobacter Cephalosporin β-Lactamase by Penicillins

Abstract

Cephalosporinase (β-lactamase) was obtained from cell washings of Aerobacter ( Enterobacter ) cloacae as a highly active preparation. An alkalimetric method was used to determine the enzyme activity and to estimate its inhibition by 6-amino-penicillanic acid derivatives. Their order of decreasing inhibitory effect was as follows: cloxacillin, oxacillin, methicillin, ampicillin, and penicillin G. We found that 2 to 3 ng of cloxacillin per ml was sufficient to decrease the enzyme activity by 50% in the presence of 400 μg of cephalosporin C per ml. Cloxacillin exerted a potentiating effect on the inhibition of the E. cloacae organisms by cephalosporin C.