Affiliation:
1. Infectious Disease Section, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55417
2. Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Abstract
A total of 91 multiply resistant bacterial strains, including
Klebsiella pneumoniae
(32 strains),
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(16 strains), and
Serratia marcescens
(43 strains), were collected during hospital epidemics of nosocomial infection from 1975 to 1979. These strains were resistant to gentamicin, tobramycin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, and ampicillin. Their susceptibility to three new broad-spectrum β-lactams, LY127935 (a 1-oxa-β-lactam), cefotaxime (HR 756), and cefoperazone (T 1551), was compared with the susceptibility of random strains of nine species of aerobic gram-negative bacilli collected in the same hospital in 1979. Susceptibility to cefamandole and ticarcillin was also determined. Strains of staphylococci and streptococci from that hospital and two nearby city-county hospitals were also compared for the three new cephalosporins and other effective antibiotics. The agar dilution method was used to measure the minimum inhibitory concentration for each antibiotic. The multiply resistant strains (minimum inhibitory concentration for gentamicin ≥ 8 μg/ml) usually were as susceptible to the three new broad-spectrum β-lactams as were non-multiply resistant strains. Both
Klebsiella pneumoniae
and
Serratia marcescens
, including multiply resistant and non-multiply resistant strains, were most susceptible to the 1-oxa-β-lactam LY127935 and cefotaxime.
P. aeruginosa
(both multiply resistant and non-multiply resistant strains) were most susceptible to cefoperazone. All three new β-lactams were active against non-multiply resistant strains of
Escherichia coli, Enterobacter
spp.,
Proteus
spp., and
Citrobacter
spp.
Providencia stuartii
were most susceptible to cefotaxime and the 1-oxa-β-lactam LY127935. The three new β-lactams were all less active against staphylococci (especially methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
) than cephalothin.
Streptococcus pyogenes
and
S. pneumoniae
were very susceptible to cefotaxime and cefoperazone, though less susceptible to LY127935. None of the three new β-lactams was active against
S. faecalis
. All were very active against both penicillinase-positive and -negative strains of
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Pharmacology (medical),Pharmacology
Cited by
93 articles.
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