Arac/XylS family of transcriptional regulators

Author:

Gallegos M T1,Schleif R1,Bairoch A1,Hofmann K1,Ramos J L1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental del Zaìdín, Granada, Spain.

Abstract

The ArC/XylS family of prokaryotic positive transcriptional regulators includes more than 100 proteins and polypeptides derived from open reading frames translated from DNA sequences. Members of this family are widely distributed and have been found in the gamma subgroup of the proteobacteria, low- and high-G + C-content gram-positive bacteria, and cyanobacteria. These proteins are defined by a profile that can be accessed from PROSITE PS01124. Members of the family are about 300 amino acids long and have three main regulatory functions in common: carbon metabolism, stress response, and pathogenesis. Multiple alignments of the proteins of the family define a conserved stretch of 99 amino acids usually located at the C-terminal region of the regulator and connected to a nonconserved region via a linker. The conserved stretch contains all the elements required to bind DNA target sequences and to activate transcription from cognate promoters. Secondary analysis of the conserved region suggests that it contains two potential alpha-helix-turn-alpha-helix DNA binding motifs. The first, and better-fitting motif is supported by biochemical data, whereas existing biochemical data neither support nor refute the proposal that the second region possesses this structure. The phylogenetic relationship suggests that members of the family have recruited the nonconserved domain(s) into a series of existing domains involved in DNA recognition and transcription stimulation and that this recruited domain governs the role that the regulator carries out. For some regulators, it has been demonstrated that the nonconserved region contains the dimerization domain. For the regulators involved in carbon metabolism, the effector binding determinants are also in this region. Most regulators belonging to the AraC/XylS family recognize multiple binding sites in the regulated promoters. One of the motifs usually overlaps or is adjacent to the -35 region of the cognate promoters. Footprinting assays have suggested that these regulators protect a stretch of up to 20 bp in the target promoters, and multiple alignments of binding sites for a number of regulators have shown that the proteins recognize short motifs within the protected region.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Molecular Biology,Microbiology,Infectious Diseases

Reference267 articles.

1. Aiba H. T. Baba K. Fujita K. Hayashi A. Honjo T. Horiuchi K. Ikemote T. Inada K. Isono S. Isono T. Itoh K. Kanai H. Kasai K. Kashimoto S. Kim S. Kimura M. Kitagawa M. Kitakawa K. Makino S. Masuda T. Miki K. Mizobuchi H. Mori K. Motomura Y. Nakamura H. Nashimoto Y. Nishio T. Oshima N. Saito G. Sampei Y. Seki H. Tagami K. Takemoto C. Wada Y. Yamamoto and M. Yano. 1996. SPTREMBL. Accession no. P77402.

2. Aiba H. T. Baba K. Fujita K. Hayashi A. Honjo T. Horiuchi K. Ikemote T. Inada K. Isono S. Isono T. Itoh K. Kanai H. Kasai K. Kashimoto S. Kim S. Kimura M. Kitagawa M. Kitakawa K. Makino S. Masuda T. Miki K. Mizobuchi H. Mori K. Motomura Y. Nakamura H. Nashimoto Y. Nishio T. Oshima N. Saito G. Sampei Y. Seki H. Tagami K. Takemoto C. Wada Y. Yamamoto and M. Yano. 1997. SPTREMBL. Accession no. P77396.

3. MxiD, an outer membrane protein necessary for the secretion of the Shigella flexneri Ipa invasins;Allaoui A.;Mol. Microbiol.,1993

4. Molecular characterization of the soxRS genes of Escherichia coli: two genes control a superoxide stress regulon;Amábile-Cuevas C. F.;Nucleic Acids Res.,1991

5. Structure of the cro repressor from bacteriophage lambda and its interaction with DNA;Anderson W. F.;Nature,1981

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3