Whole-Genome Sequencing Has the Potential To Improve Treatment for Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in High-Burden Settings: a Retrospective Cohort Study

Author:

Cox Helen12ORCID,Goig Galo A.34,Salaam-Dreyer Zubeida1,Dippenaar Anzaan5ORCID,Reuter Anja6,Mohr-Holland Erika6,Daniels Johnny6,Cudahy Patrick G. T.7,Nicol Mark P.8,Borrell Sonia34,Reinhard Miriam34,Doetsch Anna34,Beisel Christian49,Gagneux Sebastien34ORCID,Warren Robin M.10,Furin Jennifer11

Affiliation:

1. Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

2. Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

3. Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland

4. University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

5. Tuberculosis Omics Research Consortium, Family Medicine and Population Health, Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

6. Médecins Sans Frontières, Khayelitsha, Cape Town, South Africa

7. Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

8. Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

9. Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland

10. DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa

11. Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Abstract

Treatment of multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB), although improved in recent years with shorter, more tolerable regimens, remains largely standardized and based on limited drug susceptibility testing (DST). More individualized treatment with expanded DST access is likely to improve patient outcomes.

Funder

Swiss National Science Foundation

National Research Foundation

South African Medical Research Council

Wellcome Trust

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Microbiology (medical)

Reference31 articles.

1. Tuberculosis

2. New antituberculosis drugs, regimens, and adjunct therapies: needs, advances, and future prospects

3. World Health Organization. 2020. WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis—module 4: treatment/drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

4. DR-TB STAT Task Force. 2021. DR-TB Stat: global snapshot. https://drtb-stat.org/global-snapshot/. Accessed 21 August 2021.

5. Medecins Sans Frontieres and Stop TB Partnership. 2020. Step up for TB 2020: tuberculosis policies in 37 countries.

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