Cefotetan pharmacokinetics in volunteers with various degrees of renal function

Abstract

Twenty-six volunteers with various degrees of renal function were given a single 1-g dose of cefotetan intravenously over 30 min. Concentrations of cefotetan and cefotetan tautomer in plasma and urine were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The pharmacokinetic parameters for cefotetan were calculated according to a two-compartment open model. The mean plasma cefotetan concentration at the end of the intravenous infusion did not vary with renal function and ranged between 122 and 126 micrograms/ml. The mean terminal half-life was 4.2 h in normal volunteers and 9.9 h in volunteers with moderate renal impairment. There was a significant linear correlation between the systemic clearance of cefotetan and creatinine clearance. The cumulative amount of cefotetan excreted in the urine over 24 h in normal volunteers was approximately 49% of the dose, but this was reduced in volunteers with moderate renal impairment. The mean urinary cefotetan concentrations generally peaked during the 2- to 4-h interval after dosing. Cefotetan tautomer was sporadically detected in the plasma and urine of approximately 50% of the volunteers. The mean plasma cefotetan tautomer concentrations and mean total cumulative urinary recoveries of cefotetan tautomer were only minimal compared with those for cefotetan. The mean percentage of the dose excreted in the urine as cefotetan tautomer was not significantly affected by the degree of renal impairment. Recommendations for the dosing of cefotetan in renal-impaired patients are given.