Ebola Virus Can Be Effectively Neutralized by Antibody Produced in Natural Human Infection

Author:

Maruyama Toshiaki1,Rodriguez Luis L.2,Jahrling Peter B.3,Sanchez Anthony2,Khan Ali S.2,Nichol Stuart T.2,Peters C. J.2,Parren Paul W. H. I.1,Burton Dennis R.1

Affiliation:

1. Departments of Immunology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 920371;

2. Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 303332; and

3. Pathology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland 217023

Abstract

ABSTRACT The activity of antibodies against filoviruses is poorly understood but has important consequences for vaccine design and passive prophylaxis. To investigate this activity, a panel of recombinant human monoclonal antibodies to Ebola virus antigens was isolated from phage display libraries constructed from RNA from donors who recovered from infection in the 1995 Ebola virus outbreak in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of Congo. Antibodies reactive with nucleoprotein (NP), envelope glycoprotein (GP), and secreted envelope glycoprotein (sGP) were characterized by immunofluorescence and radioimmunoprecipitation assays. Four antibodies reacting strongly with sGP and weakly with GP and two antibodies reacting with NP were not neutralizing. An antibody specific for GP neutralized Ebola virus to 50% at 0.4 μg/ml as the recombinant Fab fragment and to 50% at 0.3 μg/ml (90% at 2.6 μg/ml) as the corresponding whole immunoglobulin G1 molecule. The studies indicate that neutralizing antibodies are produced in infection by Ebola virus although probably at a relatively low frequency. The neutralizing antibody may be useful in vaccine design and as a prophylactic agent against Ebola virus infection.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology

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