Human Leukocyte Antigen Class II Alleles Influence Levels of Antibodies to the Plasmodium falciparum Asexual-Stage Apical Membrane Antigen 1 but Not to Merozoite Surface Antigen 2 and Merozoite Surface Protein 1

Author:

Johnson Armead H.1,Leke Rose G. F.23,Mendell Nancy R.4,Shon Dewon4,Suh Young Ju56,Bomba-Nkolo Dennis2,Tchinda Viviane3,Kouontchou Samuel3,Thuita Lucy W.7,van der Wel Anne Marie8,Thomas Alan8,Stowers Anthony9,Saul Allan910,Zhou Ainong7,Taylor Diane W.7,Quakyi Isabella A.7

Affiliation:

1. Departments of Pediatrics

2. Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

3. The Biotechnology Center, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon

4. Department of Applied Mathematics, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York

5. Department of Statistics, Seoul National University

6. Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea

7. Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.

8. Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands

9. Malaria Vaccine Development Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland

10. The Queensland Institute of Medical Research and The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

Abstract

ABSTRACT The apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1), merozoite surface antigen 2 (MSA2), and merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) are asexual-stage proteins currently being evaluated for inclusion in a vaccine for Plasmodium falciparum . Accordingly, it is important to understand factors that control antibody responses to these antigens. Antibody levels in plasma from residents of Etoa, Cameroon, between the ages of 5 and 70 years, were determined using recombinant AMA1, MSA2, and the N-terminal region of MSP1 (MSP1-190L). In addition, antibody responses to four variants of the C-terminal region of MSP1 (MSP1 19 ) were assessed. Results showed that all individuals produced antibodies to AMA1, MSA2, and MSP1-190L; however, a proportion of individuals never produced antibodies to the MSP1 19 variants, although the percentage of nonresponders decreased with age. The influence of age and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1/DQB1 alleles on antibody levels was evaluated using two-way analysis of variance. Age was correlated with levels of antibodies to AMA1 and MSP1 19 but not with levels of antibodies to MSA2 and MSP1-190L. No association was found between a single HLA allele and levels of antibodies to MSA2, MSP1-190L, or any of the MSP1 19 variants. However, individuals positive for DRB1*1201 had higher levels of antibodies to the variant of recombinant AMA1 tested than did individuals of all other HLA types. Since the effect was seen across all age groups, HLA influenced the level but not the rate of antibody acquisition. This association for AMA1, combined with the previously reported association between HLA class II alleles and levels of antibodies to rhoptry-associated protein 1 (RAP1) and RAP2, indicates that HLA influences the levels of antibodies to three of the five vaccine candidate antigens that we have evaluated.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Immunology,Microbiology,Parasitology

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