Biochemical, Conformational, and Immunogenic Analysis of Soluble Trimeric Forms of Henipavirus Fusion Glycoproteins

Author:

Chan Yee-Peng1,Lu Min2,Dutta Somnath3,Yan Lianying1,Barr Jennifer4,Flora Michael5,Feng Yan-Ru1,Xu Kai6,Nikolov Dimitar B.6,Wang Lin-Fa4,Skiniotis Georgios37,Broder Christopher C.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

2. Public Health Research Institute Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, UMDNJ—New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA

3. Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

4. CSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia

5. Biomedical Instrumentation Center, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

6. Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA

7. Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

Abstract

ABSTRACT The henipaviruses, Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV), are paramyxoviruses discovered in the mid- to late 1990s that possess a broad host tropism and are known to cause severe and often fatal disease in both humans and animals. HeV and NiV infect cells by a pH-independent membrane fusion mechanism facilitated by their attachment (G) and fusion (F) glycoproteins. Here, several soluble forms of henipavirus F (sF) were engineered and characterized. Recombinant sF was produced by deleting the transmembrane (TM) and cytoplasmic tail (CT) domains and appending a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor signal sequence followed by GPI-phospholipase D digestion, appending a trimeric coiled-coil (GCNt) domain (sF GCNt ), or deleting the TM, CT, and fusion peptide domain. These sF glycoproteins were produced as F 0 precursors, and all were apparent stable trimers recognized by NiV-specific antisera. Surprisingly, however, only the GCNt-appended constructs (sF GCNt ) could elicit cross-reactive henipavirus-neutralizing antibody in mice. In addition, sF GCNt constructs could be triggered in vitro by protease cleavage and heat to transition from an apparent prefusion to postfusion conformation, transitioning through an intermediate that could be captured by a peptide corresponding to the C-terminal heptad repeat domain of F. The pre- and postfusion structures of sF GCNt and non-GCNt-appended sF could be revealed by electron microscopy and were distinguishable by F-specific monoclonal antibodies. These data suggest that only certain sF constructs could serve as potential subunit vaccine immunogens against henipaviruses and also establish important tools for further structural, functional, and diagnostic studies on these important emerging viruses.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology

Reference73 articles.

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