Affiliation:
1. Public Health Microbiology, Queensland Health Scientific Services, Coopers Plains
2. Faculty of Science, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia
Abstract
ABSTRACT
We evaluated the efficiency of five membrane filters for recovery of
Cryptosporidium parvum
oocysts and
Giardia lamblia
cysts. These filters included the Pall Life Sciences Envirochek (EC) standard filtration and Envirochek high-volume (EC-HV) membrane filters, the Millipore flatbed membrane filter, the Sartorius flatbed membrane filter (SMF), and the Filta-Max (FM) depth filter. Distilled and surface water samples were spiked with 10 oocysts and 10 cysts/liter. We also evaluated the recovery efficiency of the EC and EC-HV filters after a 5-s backwash postfiltration. The backwashing was not applied to the other filtration methods because of the design of the filters. Oocysts and cysts were visualized by using a fluorescent monoclonal antibody staining technique. For distilled water, the highest percent recovery for both the oocysts and cysts was obtained with the FM depth filter. However, when a 5-s backwash was applied, the EC-HV membrane filter (EC-HV-R) was superior to other filters for recovery of both oocysts (
n
= 53 ± 15.4 per 10 liters) and cysts (
n
= 59 ± 11.5 per 10 liters). This was followed by results of the FM depth filter (oocysts, 28.2 ± 8,
P
= 0.015; cysts, 49.8 ± 12.2,
P
= 0.4260), and SMF (oocysts, 16.2 ± 2.8,
P
= 0.0079; cysts, 35.2 ± 3,
P
= 0.0079). Similar results were obtained with surface water samples.
Giardia
cysts were recovered at higher rates than were
Cryptosporidium
oocysts with all five filters, regardless of backwashing. Although the time differences for completion of filtration process were not significantly different among the procedures, the EC-HV filtration with 5-s backwash was less labor demanding.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Ecology,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,Food Science,Biotechnology
Cited by
47 articles.
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