Affiliation:
1. Division of Food Animal Science, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU
2. Department of Bacterial Diseases, Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Two genetic fingerprinting techniques, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and ribotyping, were used to characterize 207
Escherichia coli
O157 isolates from food animals, foods of animal origin, and cases of human disease (206 of the isolates were from the United Kingdom). In addition, 164 of these isolates were also phage typed. The isolates were divided into two general groups: (i) unrelated isolates not known to be epidemiologically linked (
n
= 154) and originating from food animals, foods and the environment, or humans and (ii) epidemiologically related isolates (
n
= 53) comprised of four related groups (RGs) originating either from one farm plus the abattoir where cattle from that farm were slaughtered or from one of three different English abattoirs. PFGE was conducted with the restriction endonuclease
Xba
I, while for ribotyping, two restriction endonucleases (
Pst
I and
Sph
I) were combined to digest genomic DNAs simultaneously. The 207
E. coli
O157 isolates produced 97 PFGE profiles and 51 ribotypes. The two genetic fingerprinting methods had similar powers to discriminate the 154 epidemiologically unrelated
E. coli
O157 isolates in the study (Simpson's index of diversity [
D
] = 0.98 and 0.94 for PFGE typing and ribotyping, respectively). There was no correlation between the source of an isolate (healthy meat or milk animals, retail meats, or cases of human infection) and either particular PFGE or ribotype profiles or clusters. Combination of the results of both genetic fingerprinting methods produced 146 types, significantly more than when either of the two methods was used individually. Consequently, the superior discriminatory performance of the PFGE-ribotyping combination was proven in two ways: (i) by demonstrating that the majority of the
E. coli
O157 isolates with unrelated histories were indeed distinguishable types and (ii) by identifying some clonal groups among two of the four RGs of
E. coli
O157 isolates (comprising PFGE types different by just one or two bands), the relatedness of which would have remained unconfirmed otherwise.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
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