Prospective study of microbial colonization of the nose and skin and infection of the vascular access site in hemodialysis patients

Author:

Kaplowitz L G1,Comstock J A1,Landwehr D M1,Dalton H P1,Mayhall C G1

Affiliation:

1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0049.

Abstract

We conducted a prospective study of nasal and skin floras in 71 patients receiving chronic hemodialysis. We wished to determine whether a sterile skin preparation technique was more effective than a clean technique in removing microorganisms from the skin of the vascular access site. We also examined the effect of administration of antibiotics and status of patient hygiene on microbial flora. The presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the nose had a low predictive value for the simultaneous presence of the microorganism on the skin. The status of skin colonization can be accurately assessed only by culture of the skin. Sterile technique was no more effective at removing microorganisms from skin than was clean technique. Antibiotics significantly affected nasal flora but not skin flora. S. aureus was significantly more likely to remain on the skin after application of an antiseptic in patients with poor hygiene than in patients with good hygiene (P = 0.002). Patients with poor hygiene also had a significantly higher concentration of S. aureus on the skin of the vascular access site after application of antiseptic than patients with good hygiene (P = 0.005). We found no evidence to support a change from clean to sterile technique for skin preparation, but improvement in personal hygiene may be an effective strategy for prevention of vascular access infections.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Microbiology (medical)

Reference16 articles.

1. Septicemia in patients on chronic hemodialysis;Dobkin J. F.;Ann. Intern. Med.,1978

2. Staphylococcal carriage and infections in hemodialysis patients;Goldblum S. E.;Dial. Transplant.,1978

3. Nasal and cutaneous flora among hemodialysis patients and personnel: quantitative and qualitative characterization and patterns of staphylococcal carnage;Goldblum S. E.;Am. J. Kidney Dis.,1982

4. Nasal and cutaneous Staphylococcus among patients receiving hemodialysis and attending personnel;Goldblum S. E.;J. Infect. Dis.,1982

5. Adherence of bacteria to heart valves in vitro;Gould K.;J. Clin. Invest.,1975

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