Efficacy of a Doxycycline Treatment Regimen Initiated during Three Different Phases of Experimental Ehrlichiosis

Author:

McClure Jennifer C.1,Crothers Michelle L.1,Schaefer John J.1,Stanley Patrick D.1,Needham Glen R.2,Ewing S. A.3,Stich Roger W.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211

2. Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210

3. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078

Abstract

ABSTRACT Doxycycline is the treatment of choice for canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME), a well-characterized disease and valuable model for tick-borne zoonoses. Conflicting reports of clearance of Ehrlichia canis after treatment with doxycycline suggested that the disease phase during which treatment is initiated influences outcomes of these treatments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a 28-day doxycycline regimen for clearance of experimental E. canis infections from dogs treated during three phases of the disease. Ten dogs were inoculated with blood from E. canis carriers and treated with doxycycline during acute, subclinical, or chronic phases of CME. Daily rectal temperatures and semiweekly blood samples were monitored from each dog, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks were acquisition fed on each dog for xenodiagnosis. Blood collected from dogs treated during acute or subclinical CME became PCR negative for E. canis as clinical parameters improved, but blood samples collected from dogs treated during chronic CME remained intermittently PCR positive. R. sanguineus ticks fed on dogs after doxycycline treatments became PCR positive for E. canis , regardless of when treatment was initiated. However, fewer ticks became PCR positive after feeding on two persistently infected dogs treated with doxycycline followed by rifampin, suggesting that antibiotic therapy can reduce tick acquisition of E. canis .

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Pharmacology (medical),Pharmacology

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