Role of Sphingomyelin in Alphaherpesvirus Entry

Author:

Pastenkos Gabrielle1,Miller Jonathan L.1,Pritchard Suzanne M.1,Nicola Anthony V.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA

Abstract

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is an ubiquitous pathogen affecting cattle populations worldwide. Infection can result in complicated, polymicrobial infections due to the immunosuppressive properties of the virus. Available vaccines limit disease severity and spread but do not prevent infection. The financial and animal welfare ramifications of BoHV-1 are significant. In order to develop more effective prevention and treatment regimens, a more complete understanding of the initial steps in viral infection is necessary. We recently identified a low pH endocytosis pathway for BoHV-1. Here, we examine the role of cellular factors responsible for membrane integrity and repair in alphaherpesviral entry. This study allows comparisons of the BoHV-1 entry pathway with those of other alphaherpesviruses (pseudorabies virus [PRV] and herpes simplex virus 1 [HSV-1]). Lastly, this is the first report of sphingomyelin and lysosomal sphingomyelinase playing a role in the entry of a herpesvirus. The results may lead to the development of more effective prevention and treatment regimens.

Funder

HHS | National Institutes of Health

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology

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