Affiliation:
1. Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Department of Agronomy, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802; and Department of Biochemistry, University of Maria Curie-Sklodowska, 20-031 Lublin, Poland2
Abstract
Various basidiomycetes, ascomycetes, and deuteromycetes, grown in a sugar-rich liquid medium, were compared for laccase-producing ability and for the inducing effect of 2,5-xylidine on laccase production. Clear stimulation of the extracellular enzyme formation by xylidine was obtained in the cultures of
Fomes annosus, Pholiota mutabilis, Pleurotus ostreatus
, and
Trametes versicolor
, whereas
Rhizoctonia praticola
and
Botrytis cinerea
were not affected by the xylidine, and in the case of
Podospora anserina
a decrease in laccase activity was observed. The laccases were purified, and electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels indicated a particular pattern for each laccase. The bands of the induced forms appeared only with basidiomycetes. The optimal pH of
R. praticola
laccase was in the neutral region, whereas the optima of all the other exolaccases were significantly lower (between pH 3.0 and 5.7). All laccases oxidized the methoxyphenolic acids under investigation, but there existed quantitative differences in oxidation efficiencies which depended on pH and on the nature (noninduced or induced) of the enzyme. The sensitivity of all enzymes to inhibitors did not differ considerably.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Ecology,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,Food Science,Biotechnology
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