Frequent isolation of ecotropic murine leukemia virus after x-ray irradiation of C57BL/6 mice and establishment of producer lymphoid cell lines from radiation-induced lymphomas

Abstract

Fractionated whole-body X irradiation of C57BL/Ka mice leads to the development of thymic leukemia in 90% of the treated animals at an average age of 6 months. Using a sensitive high-density cocultivation procedure, we were able to demonstrate the presence of ecotropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV) from 1 month post-irradiation up to leukemia development. These viruses are not specific to any one particular organ, but can be found in at least two of the three lymphoreticular tissues studied, namely, spleen, thymus, and bone marrow. Host range studies on the isolated viruses showed that both N- and B-tropic MuLV could be isolated early after irradiation. However, as mice reached an age where leukemias develop, only the B-tropic MuLV could be recovered. We have established cell lines from primary radiation-induced tumors that are being maintained in continuous culture: except one cell line, all are virus producers. The results clearly indicate that X irradiation induces ecotropic MuLV in C57BL/Ka mice and suggest that B-tropic MuLV might be involved in the disease process.