Affiliation:
1. Max-Planck-Institut für Marine Mikrobiologie, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Various alkylbenzenes were depleted during growth of an anaerobic, sulfate-reducing enrichment culture with crude oil as the only source of organic substrates. From this culture, two new types of mesophilic, rod-shaped sulfate-reducing bacteria, strains oXyS1 and mXyS1, were isolated with
o
-xylene and
m
-xylene, respectively, as organic substrates. Sequence analyses of 16S rRNA genes revealed that the isolates affiliated with known completely oxidizing sulfate-reducing bacteria of the δ subclass of the class
Proteobacteria
. Strain oXyS1 showed the highest similarities to
Desulfobacterium cetonicum
and
Desulfosarcina variabilis
(similarity values, 98.4 and 98.7%, respectively). Strain mXyS1 was less closely related to known species, the closest relative being
Desulfococcus multivorans
(similarity value, 86.9%). Complete mineralization of
o
-xylene and
m
-xylene was demonstrated in quantitative growth experiments. Strain oXyS1 was able to utilize toluene,
o
-ethyltoluene, benzoate, and
o
-methylbenzoate in addition to
o
-xylene. Strain mXyS1 oxidized toluene,
m
-ethyltoluene,
m
-isoproyltoluene, benzoate, and
m
-methylbenzoate in addition to
m
-xylene. Strain oXyS1 did not utilize
m
-alkyltoluenes, whereas strain mXyS1 did not utilize
o
-alkyltoluenes. Like the enrichment culture, both isolates grew anaerobically on crude oil with concomitant reduction of sulfate to sulfide.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Ecology,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,Food Science,Biotechnology
Cited by
157 articles.
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