Affiliation:
1. Infection Research Group, University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow G2 3JZ,1 and
2. University of Dundee Dental School, Dundee DD1 4HN,2 United Kingdom
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A relatively wide range of bacteria have been isolated from root canals using standard culture techniques. However, only 50% of the bacteria in the oral cavity are cultivable (S. S. Socransky et al., Arch. Oral Biol. 8:278–280, 1963); hence, bacterial diversity in endodontic infections is underestimated. This study used a PCR-based 16S rRNA gene assay, followed by cloning and sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons from a small subset of samples to assess the diversity of bacteria present in infected root canals. A total of 41 clinical samples from 15 de novo and 26 refractory cases of endodontic infections were assessed. Of these samples, 44% were positive by culture and 68% were positive by PCR. Eight samples were selected for further analysis. Of these, the two de novo cases yielded sequences related to those of the genera
Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Propionibacterium
, and
Streptococcus
and two clones were related to previously uncultivated bacteria, while the sinus-associated, de novo case yielded sequences related to those of the genera
Lactobacillus, Pantoea, Prevotella
, and
Selenomonas
. The five refractory cases produced clones which were related to the genera
Capnocytophaga, Cytophaga, Dialister, Eubacterium, Fusobacterium, Gemella, Mogibacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Prevotella, Propionibacterium, Selenomonas, Solobacterium, Streptococcus
, and
Veillonella
and two clones representing previously uncultivated bacteria. The phylogenetic positions of several clones associated with the
Clostridiaceae
and
Sporomusa
subgroups of the
Firmicutes
grouping are also shown. This study demonstrates that molecular techniques can detect the presence of bacteria in endodontic infections when culture techniques yield a negative result and can be used to identify a wider range of endodontic-infection-related bacteria including the presence of previously unidentified or unculturable bacteria.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Cited by
188 articles.
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