Distribution and Significance of Fecal Indicator Organisms in the Upper Chesapeake Bay

Author:

Sayler G. S.1,Nelson J. D.1,Justice A.1,Colwell R. R.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742

Abstract

Total viable aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and fecal streptococci were enumerated in samples collected at five stations located in the Upper Chesapeake Bay, December 1973 through December 1974. Significant levels of pollution indicator organisms were detected at all of the stations sampled. Highest counts were observed in samples collected at the confluence of the Susquehanna River and the Chesapeake Bay. The indicator organisms examined were observed to be quantitatively distributed independently of temperature and salinity. Counts were not found to be correlated with concentration of suspended sediment. However, significant proportions of both the total viable bacteria (53%) and fecal indicator organisms (>80%) were directly associated with suspended sediments. Correlation coefficients ( r ) for the indicator organisms examined in this study ranged from r = 0.80 to r = 0.99 for bottom water and suspended sediment, respectively. Prolonged survival of fecal streptococci in most of the sediment samples was observed, with concomitant reduction of the correlation coefficient from r = 0.99, fecal streptococci to total coliforms in water, to r = 0.01, fecal streptococci to fecal coliforms in sediments. The results of this study compared favorably with fecal coliforms: fecal streptococci ratios for the various sample types. Characterization of organisms beyond the confirmed most-probable-number procedure provided good correlation between bacterial indicator groups.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics,General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

Reference13 articles.

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2. Survey of distribution of bacterial pollution in the Bristol Channel;Anson A. E.;J. Appl. Bacteriol.,1974

3. Clark L. J. and D. K. Donnelly. 1973. Summary and conclusions nutrient enrichment and control requirements in the upper Cheseapeake Bay technical report 56. Environmental Protection Agency report EPA-903/9-73-002-a. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Annapolis Md.

4. Presumptive identification of group A, B, and D streptococci;Facklam R. R.;Appl. Microbiol.,1974

5. Concepts of fecal streptococci in stream pollution;Geldreich E. E.;J. Water Pollut. Control Fed.,1969

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