Mineral Soils as Carriers for Rhizobium Inoculants

Author:

Chao W.-L.1,Alexander Martin1

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Department of Agronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853

Abstract

Mineral soil-based inoculants of Rhizobium meliloti and Rhizobium phaseoli survived better at 4°C than at higher temperatures, but ca. 15% of the cells were viable at 37°C after 27 days. Soil-based inoculants of R. meliloti, R. phaseoli, Rhizobium japonicum , and a cowpea Rhizobium sp. applied to seeds of their host legumes also survived better at low temperatures, but the percent survival of such inoculants was higher than peat-based inoculants at 35°C. Survival of R. phaseoli, R. japonicum , and cowpea rhizobia was not markedly improved when the cells were suspended in sugar solutions before drying them in soil. Nodulation was abundant on Phaseolus vulgaris derived from seeds that had been coated with a soil-based inoculant and stored for 165 days at 25°C. The increase in yield and nitrogen content of Phaseolus angularis grown in the greenhouse was the same with soil-and peat-based inoculants. We suggest that certain mineral soils can be useful and readily available carriers for legume inoculants containing desiccation-resistant Rhizobium strains.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Ecology,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,Food Science,Biotechnology

Reference26 articles.

1. Boonkerd N. and R. W. Weaver. 1981. Effectiveness stability of cowpea rhizobia as affected by soil temperature and moisture p. 356-371. In K. W. Clark and J. H. G. Stephens (ed.) Proceedings of the 8th North American Rhizobium Conference University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada.

2. Bremner J. M. 1965. Total nitrogen. p. 1149-1178. In C. A. Black et al. (ed.) Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Chemical and microbiological properties. American Society of Agronomy Madison Wis.

3. Survival at high temperatures of Rhizobiurm meliloti in peat inoculant on Iucerne seed;Brockwell J.;Aust. J. Sci.,1965

4. Burton J. C. 1976. Methods of inoculating seeds and their effect on survival of rhizobia p. 175-189. In P. S. Nutman (ed.) Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in plants. Cambridge University Press Cambridge. England.

5. Some factors affecting the survival of root-nodule bacteria on desiccation;Bushby H. V. A.;Soil Biol. Biochem.,1977

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