Raman Spectroscopy and Chemometrics for Identification and Strain Discrimination of the Wine Spoilage Yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zygosaccharomyces bailii, and Brettanomyces bruxellensis

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe yeastsZygosaccharomyces bailii,Dekkera bruxellensis(anamorph,Brettanomyces bruxellensis), andSaccharomyces cerevisiaeare the major spoilage agents of finished wine. A novel method using Raman spectroscopy in combination with a chemometric classification tool has been developed for the identification of these yeast species and for strain discrimination of these yeasts. Raman spectra were collected for six strains of each of the yeastsZ. bailii,B. bruxellensis, andS. cerevisiae. The yeasts were classified with high sensitivity at the species level: 93.8% forZ. bailii, 92.3% forB. bruxellensis, and 98.6% forS. cerevisiae. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that it is possible to discriminate between strains of these species. These yeasts were classified at the strain level with an overall accuracy of 81.8%.