The Human Cationic Antimicrobial Protein (hCAP18), a Peptide Antibiotic, Is Widely Expressed in Human Squamous Epithelia and Colocalizes with Interleukin-6

Author:

Frohm Nilsson Margareta1,Sandstedt Bengt2,Sørensen Ole3,Weber Günther4,Borregaard Niels3,Ståhle-Bäckdahl Mona1

Affiliation:

1. Departments of Dermatology,1

2. Pathology,2 and

3. Granulocyte Research Laboratory, Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark3

4. Clinical Genetics,4 Karolinska Hospital, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden, and

Abstract

ABSTRACT Peptide antibiotics are widespread in nature and, by providing a rapid first line of defense, may be key players in the innate immune system. Although epithelia are the main barriers shielding the internal environment from microorganisms, the role for peptide antibiotics in epithelial protection is unclear. We recently reported that the human cationic antimicrobial protein hCAP18, the precursor of the antimicrobial peptide called LL-37, is not expressed by normal human keratinocytes but is induced in various inflammatory skin disorders. In the present study we demonstrate that hCAP18 is consistently expressed at both mRNA and protein levels in squamous epithelia of the mouth, tongue, esophagus, cervix, and vagina in humans. The gene for hCAP18 contains promoter elements that are potentially regulated by interleukin-6, and our data further show a colocalization between interleukin-6 and hCAP18 expression in these tissues. Our finding that hCAP18 is widely produced in squamous epithelia suggests a role for this peptide in epithelial antimicrobial defense. Furthermore, colocalization with interleukin-6 indicates a potential local mechanism for the upregulation of hCAP18 at the epithelial surfaces.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Immunology,Microbiology,Parasitology

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