A Factor I-Like Activity Associated with Chikungunya Virus Contributes to Its Resistance to the Human Complement System

Author:

Nag Joydeep12,Mukesh Reshma Koolaparambil12,Suma Sreenath Muraleedharan1,Kunnakkadan Umerali13,Kumar Nisha Asok12,Johnson John Bernet1

Affiliation:

1. Pathogen Biology, Virology, Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, Thiruvanthapuram, Kerala, India

2. Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India

3. Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Thiruvanthapuram, Kerala, India

Abstract

Chikungunya virus is a vector-borne pathogen of global significance. The morbidity associated with chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection, neurovirulence and adaptability to Aedes albopictus , necessitates a deeper understanding of the interaction of CHIKV with the host immune system. Here, we demonstrate that CHIKV is resistant to neutralization by one of the potent barriers of the innate immune arm, the complement system. Chikungunya virus showed marked resistance to complement despite activation and deposition of complement proteins. Interestingly the C3 component associated with the virion was found to be inactive C3b (iC3b), a key factor implicated in the pathogenesis and disease severity in the mouse model of Ross River virus infection. CHIKV also had an associated unique factor I-like activity that mediated the inactivation of C3b into iC3b. We have unraveled a smart strategy adopted by CHIKV to limit complement which has serious implications in viral dissemination, pathogenesis, and disease.

Funder

Department of Biotechnology , Ministry of Science and Technology

DST | Science and Engineering Research Board

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology

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