Mycobacterium neoaurum and Mycobacterium bacteremicum sp. nov. as Causes of Mycobacteremia

Author:

Brown-Elliott Barbara A.1,Wallace Richard J.1,Petti Cathy A.2,Mann Linda Bridge1,McGlasson Maria1,Chihara Shingo2,Smith Geremy L.3,Painter Patrick1,Hail Daymon1,Wilson Rebecca1,Simmon Keith E.3

Affiliation:

1. The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Department of Microbiology, Tyler, Texas

2. University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah

3. Associated Regional and University Pathologists (ARUP) Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, Utah

Abstract

ABSTRACT Reference isolates of Mycobacterium neoaurum , Mycobacterium aurum , and the nonvalidated species “ Mycobacterium lacticola ” were the focus of two recent molecular taxonomic studies. On the basis of this grouping, we identified 46 clinical pigmented, rapidly growing mycobacterial isolates. By 16S rRNA gene sequencing, only two major taxa were identified: M. neoaurum and a previously uncharacterized “ M. neoaurum -like” group. The M. neoaurum -like group exhibited only 99.7% identity to M. neoaurum by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and 96.5% identity to M. neoaurum by rpoB sequencing and was named M. bacteremicum . No clinical isolates of M. aurum or M. lacticola were identified. Of isolates with known sources, 4/8 (50%) of M. bacteremicum isolates and 22/34 (65%) of M. neoaurum isolates were recovered from blood, and 35% of these were known to be from patients with catheter-related sepsis. MIC and clinical data on these 46 isolates of M. neoaurum and M. bacteremicum along with a review of 16 previously reported cases of infection with the M. neoaurum-M. lacticola group demonstrated that the isolates were highly susceptible to all drugs tested except clarithromycin, and most clinical cases were successfully treated. The clarithromycin resistance suggested the presence of an inducible erm gene reported in other species of rapidly growing mycobacteria. Sequencing studies are currently required to identify these two species. Strain ATCC 25791 (originally submitted as an example of Mycobacterium aurum ) is proposed to be the type strain of M. bacteremicum .

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Microbiology (medical)

Reference27 articles.

1. Becker, M. L., A. A. Suchak, J. N. Wolfe, R. Zarychanski, A. Kabani, and L. E. Nicolle. 2003. Mycobacterium neoaurum bacteremia in a hemodialysis patient. Can. J. Infect. Dis. 14 : 45-48.

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3. Molecular Basis of Intrinsic Macrolide Resistance in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex

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5. Bacteremia caused by Mycobacterium neoaurum

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