De Novo Cholesterol Biosynthesis and Its Trafficking in LAMP-1-Positive Vesicles Are Involved in Replication and Spread of Marek’s Disease Virus

Author:

Boodhoo Nitish1,Kamble Nitin1,Behboudi Shahriar12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking, United Kingdom

2. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom

Abstract

MDV disrupts lipid metabolism and causes atherosclerosis in MDV-infected chickens; however, the role of cholesterol metabolism in the replication and spread of MDV is unknown. MDV-infected cells do not produce infectious cell-free virus in vitro , raising the question about the mechanism involved in the cell-to-cell spread of MDV. In this report, we provide evidence that MDV replication depends on de novo cholesterol biosynthesis and uptake. Interruption of cholesterol trafficking within multivesicular bodies (MVBs) by chemical inhibitors or gene silencing reduced MDV titers and cell-to-cell spread. Finally, we demonstrated that MDV gB colocalizes with cholesterol and LAMP-1, suggesting that viral protein trafficking is mediated by LAMP-1-positive vesicles in association with cholesterol. These results provide new insights into the cholesterol dependence of MDV replication.

Funder

UKRI | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology

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