Affiliation:
1. Department of Food Science
2. Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A case-control study involving 24 case farms with at least one recent case of listeriosis and 28 matched control farms with no listeriosis cases was conducted to probe the transmission and ecology of
Listeria monocytogenes
on farms. A total of 528 fecal, 516 feed, and 1,012 environmental soil and water samples were cultured for
L. monocytogenes
. While the overall prevalence of
L. monocytogenes
in cattle case farms (24.4%) was similar to that in control farms (20.2%), small-ruminant (goat and sheep) farms showed a significantly (
P
< 0.0001) higher prevalence in case farms (32.9%) than in control farms (5.9%). EcoRI ribotyping of clinical (
n
= 17) and farm (
n
= 414) isolates differentiated 51 ribotypes.
L. monocytogenes
ribotypes isolated from clinical cases and fecal samples were more frequent in environmental than in feed samples, indicating that infected animals may contribute to
L. monocytogenes
dispersal into the farm environment. Ribotype DUP-1038B was significantly (
P
< 0.05) associated with fecal samples compared with farm environment and animal feedstuff samples. Ribotype DUP-1045A was significantly (
P
< 0.05) associated with soil compared to feces and with control farms compared to case farms. Our data indicate that (i) the epidemiology and transmission of
L. monocytogenes
differ between small-ruminant and cattle farms; (ii) cattle contribute to amplification and dispersal of
L. monocytogenes
into the farm environment, (iii) the bovine farm ecosystem maintains a high prevalence of
L. monocytogenes
, including subtypes linked to human listeriosis cases and outbreaks, and (iv)
L. monocytogenes
subtypes may differ in their abilities to infect animals and to survive in farm environments.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Ecology,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,Food Science,Biotechnology
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