Additive Protection against Congenital Cytomegalovirus Conferred by Combined Glycoprotein B/pp65 Vaccination Using a Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Vector

Author:

Schleiss Mark R.1,Berka Ursula2,Watson Elizabeth2,Aistleithner Mario2,Kiefmann Bettina2,Mangeat Bastien3,Swanson Elizabeth C.1,Gillis Peter A.1,Hernandez-Alvarado Nelmary1,Fernández-Alarcón Claudia1,Zabeli Jason C.1,Pinschewer Daniel D.3,Lilja Anders E.2,Schwendinger Michael2,Guirakhoo Farshad2,Monath Thomas P.2,Orlinger Klaus K.2

Affiliation:

1. Center for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Translational Research and Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

2. Hookipa Biotech AG, Vienna, Austria

3. Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

Abstract

ABSTRACT Subunit vaccines for prevention of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection based on glycoprotein B (gB) and pp65 are in clinical trials, but it is unclear whether simultaneous vaccination with both antigens enhances protection. We undertook evaluation of a novel bivalent vaccine based on nonreplicating lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (rLCMV) vectors expressing a cytoplasmic tail-deleted gB [gB(dCt)] and full-length pp65 from human CMV in mice. Immunization with the gB(dCt) vector alone elicited a comparable gB-binding antibody response and a superior neutralizing response to that elicited by adjuvanted subunit gB. Immunization with the pp65 vector alone elicited robust T cell responses. Comparable immunogenicity of the combined gB(dCt) and pp65 vectors with the individual monovalent formulations was demonstrated. To demonstrate proof of principle for a bivalent rLCMV-based HCMV vaccine, the congenital guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) infection model was used to compare rLCMV vectors encoding homologs of pp65 (GP83) and gB(dCt), alone and in combination versus Freund's adjuvanted recombinant gB. Both vectors elicited significant immune responses, and no loss of gB immunogenicity was noted with the bivalent formulation. Combined vaccination with rLCMV-vectored GPCMV gB(dCt) and pp65 (GP83) conferred better protection against maternal viremia than subunit or either monovalent rLCMV vaccine. The bivalent vaccine also was significantly more effective in reducing pup mortality than the monovalent vaccines. In summary, bivalent vaccines with rLCMV vectors expressing gB and pp65 elicited potent humoral and cellular responses and conferred protection in the GPCMV model. Further clinical trials of LCMV-vectored HCMV vaccines are warranted.

Funder

HHS | National Institutes of Health

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Microbiology (medical),Clinical Biochemistry,Immunology,Immunology and Allergy

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