First Human Systemic Infection Caused by Spiroplasma

Abstract

Spiroplasmaspecies are organisms that normally colonize plants and insects. We describe the first case of human systemic infection caused bySpiroplasmabacteria in a patient with hypogammaglobulinemia undergoing treatment with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic agents.Spiroplasmaturonicumwas identified through molecular methods in several blood cultures. The infection was successfully treated with doxycycline plus levofloxacin.