Molecular Epidemiological Evaluation of the Recent Resurgence in Mumps Virus Infections in Ireland

Author:

Carr Michael J.1,Moss Eibhlín1,Waters Allison1,Dean Jonathan1,Jin Li2,Coughlan Suzie1,Connell Jeff1,Hall William W.134,Hassan Jaythoon1

Affiliation:

1. National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland

2. Virus Reference Department, Centre for Infections, Health Protection Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom

3. Microbiology Department, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland

4. Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland

Abstract

ABSTRACT Mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease; however, outbreaks have been reported in a number of countries with childhood immunization programs, particularly among young adults at the tertiary stage of education. We have retrospectively investigated the epidemiological, virological, and serological factors associated with mumps cases identified in Ireland from 2004 to 2009. Genetic analysis of mumps virus strain variability demonstrated that a single genotype, genotype G, was circulating, and it was also detected in cerebrospinal fluid samples obtained from patients with meningitis. We observed that younger individuals were disproportionately affected with neurological sequelae following mumps virus infection, and the average age of patients with mumps virus RNA detected in cerebrospinal fluid was 19.25 years (median, 19 years; range, 14 to 24 years). Our analysis showed a 4-fold rise in mumps cases in 2008-2009 and an increased incidence in infection in those ≥30 years of age. Over a 6-year period (2004 to 2009), a total of 7,805 serum samples were investigated; of this number, 1,813 (23%) were positive for mumps virus-specific IgM. We observed a strong bias for acute mumps virus infection in males compared to females ( P < 10 −32 ) that was independent of vaccination status.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Microbiology (medical)

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