Affiliation:
1. Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Section Geomicrobiology, Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Germany
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The microbial communities of three different sulfidic and acidic mine waste tailing dumps located in Botswana, Germany, and Sweden were quantitatively analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), catalyzed reporter deposition-FISH (CARD-FISH), Sybr green II direct counting, and the most probable number (MPN) cultivation technique. Depth profiles of cell numbers showed that the compositions of the microbial communities are greatly different at the three sites and also strongly varied between zones of oxidized and unoxidized tailings. Maximum cell numbers of up to 10
9
cells g
−1
dry weight were determined in the pyrite or pyrrhotite oxidation zones, whereas cell numbers in unoxidized tailings were significantly lower.
Bacteria
dominated over
Archaea
and
Eukarya
at all tailing sites. The acidophilic Fe(II)- and/or sulfur-oxidizing
Acidithiobacillus
spp. dominated over the acidophilic Fe(II)-oxidizing
Leptospirillum
spp. among the
Bacteria
at two sites. The two genera were equally abundant at the third site. The acidophilic Fe(II)- and sulfur-oxidizing
Sulfobacillus
spp. were generally less abundant. The acidophilic Fe(III)-reducing
Acidiphilium
spp. could be found at only one site. The neutrophilic Fe(III)-reducing
Geobacteraceae
as well as the
dsrA
gene of sulfate reducers were quantifiable at all three sites. FISH analysis provided reliable data only for tailing zones with high microbial activity, whereas CARD-FISH, Q-PCR, Sybr green II staining, and MPN were suitable methods for a quantitative microbial community analysis of tailings in general.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Ecology,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,Food Science,Biotechnology
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