Affiliation:
1. Center for Innovation in Immunoregulative Technology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Most breast cancer mortality is due to clinical relapse associated with metastasis. CXCL12/CXCR4-dependent cell migration is a critical process in breast cancer progression; however, its underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we show that the water/glycerol channel protein aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is required for CXCL12/CXCR4-dependent breast cancer cell migration through a mechanism involving its hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
) transport function. Extracellular H
2
O
2
, produced by CXCL12-activated membrane NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), was transported into breast cancer cells via AQP3. Transient H
2
O
2
accumulation was observed around the membrane during CXCL12-induced migration, which may be facilitated by the association of AQP3 with Nox2. Intracellular H
2
O
2
then oxidized PTEN and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) followed by activation of the Akt pathway. This contributed to directional cell migration. The expression level of AQP3 in breast cancer cells was related to their migration ability both
in vitro
and
in vivo
through CXCL12/CXCR4- or H
2
O
2
-dependent pathways. Coincidentally, spontaneous metastasis of orthotopic xenografts to the lung was reduced upon AQP3 knockdown. These findings underscore the importance of AQP3-transported H
2
O
2
in CXCL12/CXCR4-dependent signaling and migration in breast cancer cells and suggest that AQP3 has potential as a therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Funder
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology
Astellas Pharma
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Cell Biology,Molecular Biology
Cited by
108 articles.
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