Structure of Chimpanzee Gut Microbiomes across Tropical Africa

Author:

Bueno de Mesquita Clifton P.12ORCID,Nichols Lauren M.3,Gebert Matthew J.12,Vanderburgh Caihong12,Bocksberger Gaëlle4,Lester Jack D.4,Kalan Ammie K.4,Dieguez Paula4,McCarthy Maureen S.4,Agbor Anthony4,Álvarez Varona Paula5,Ayimisin Ayuk Emmanuel4,Bessone Mattia46,Chancellor Rebecca78,Cohen Heather4,Coupland Charlotte4,Deschner Tobias4,Egbe Villard Ebot4,Goedmakers Annemarie9,Granjon Anne-Céline4,Grueter Cyril C.101112,Head Josephine4,Hernandez-Aguilar R. Adriana513,Jeffery Kathryn J.14,Jones Sorrel415,Kadam Parag16,Kaiser Michael4,Lapuente Juan417,Larson Bradley4,Marrocoli Sergio4,Morgan David18,Mugerwa Badru1920,Mulindahabi Felix21,Neil Emily4,Niyigaba Protais21,Pacheco Liliana22,Piel Alex K.1623,Robbins Martha M.4,Rundus Aaron7,Sanz Crickette M.2124,Sciaky Lilah4,Sheil Douglas25,Sommer Volker2326,Stewart Fiona A.61623,Ton Els49,van Schijndel Joost49,Vergnes Virginie27,Wessling Erin G.28,Wittig Roman M.429,Ginath Yuh Yisa430,Yurkiw Kyle4,Zuberbühler Klaus3132,Gogarten Jan F.3334,Heintz-Buschart Anna3536,Muellner-Riehl Alexandra N.3537,Boesch Christophe4,Kühl Hjalmar S.4,Fierer Noah12ORCID,Arandjelovic Mimi4,Dunn Robert R.3

Affiliation:

1. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA

2. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA

3. Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA

4. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany

5. Jane Goodall Institute Spain and Sénégal, Dindefelo Biological Station, Dindefelo, Kedougou, Sénégal

6. School of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom

7. Department of Psychology, West Chester University, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA

8. Department of Anthropology & Sociology, West Chester University, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA

9. Chimbo Foundation, Oudemirdum, The Netherlands

10. School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

11. School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

12. International Centre of Biodiversity and Primate Conservation, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China

13. Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

14. School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom

15. Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Cambridge, United Kingdom

16. Greater Mahale Ecosystem Research and Conservation Project, Tanzania

17. Comoé Chimpanzee Conservation Project, Kakpin, Comoé National Park, Ivory Coast

18. Lester E. Fisher Center for the Study and Conservation of Apes, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Illinois, USA

19. Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany

20. Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation (ITFC), Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST), Kabale, Uganda

21. Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York, USA

22. Projet GALF-Guinée, Wara Conservation Project, Guinea

23. Department of Anthropology, University College London, London, United Kingdom

24. Department of Anthropology, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

25. Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands

26. Gashaka Primate Project, Serti, Nigeria

27. Wild Chimpanzee Foundation, Leipzig, Germany

28. Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

29. Taï Chimpanzee Project, CSRS, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

30. Department of Geography, Planning and Environmental Studies, University of Concordia, Montréal, Quebec, Canada

31. Institut de Biologie, Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland

32. School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom

33. Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany

34. Viral Evolution Project Group, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany

35. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

36. Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Halle, Germany

37. Department of Molecular Evolution and Plant Systematics & Herbarium (LZ), Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany

Abstract

Gut microbial communities are drivers of primate physiology and health, but the factors that influence the gut microbiome in wild primate populations remain largely undetermined. We report data from a continent-wide survey of wild chimpanzee gut microbiota and highlight the effects of genetics, vegetation, and potentially even tool use at different spatial scales on the chimpanzee gut microbiome, including bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic parasites.

Funder

Max Planck Society

Max Planck Society Innovation Fund

Heinz L. Krekeler Foundation

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Computer Science Applications,Genetics,Molecular Biology,Modeling and Simulation,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Biochemistry,Physiology,Microbiology

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