Pathogenesis, Symptomatology, and Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through Analysis of Viral Genomics and Structure

Author:

Rando Halie M.123ORCID,MacLean Adam L.4ORCID,Lee Alexandra J.1ORCID,Lordan Ronan5ORCID,Ray Sandipan6ORCID,Bansal Vikas7ORCID,Skelly Ashwin N.89ORCID,Sell Elizabeth8ORCID,Dziak John J.10ORCID,Shinholster Lamonica11ORCID,D’Agostino McGowan Lucy12ORCID,Ben Guebila Marouen13ORCID,Wellhausen Nils1ORCID,Knyazev Sergey14ORCID,Boca Simina M.15ORCID,Capone Stephen16ORCID,Qi Yanjun17ORCID,Park YoSon1ORCID,Mai David18ORCID,Sun Yuchen17,Boerckel Joel D.1819ORCID,Brueffer Christian20ORCID,Byrd James Brian21ORCID,Kamil Jeremy P.22ORCID,Wang Jinhui8ORCID,Velazquez Ryan23ORCID,Szeto Gregory L.24ORCID,Barton John P.25ORCID,Goel Rishi Raj9ORCID,Mangul Serghei26ORCID,Lubiana Tiago27ORCID,Gitter Anthony2829ORCID,Greene Casey S.12330ORCID,

Affiliation:

1. Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA

3. Center for Health AI, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA

4. Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA

5. Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

6. Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India

7. Biomedical Data Science and Machine Learning Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany

8. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

9. Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

10. Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA

11. Mercer University, Macon, Georgia, USA

12. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA

13. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

14. Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

15. Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

16. St. George’s University School of Medicine, St. George’s, Grenada

17. Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA

18. Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

19. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

20. Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

21. University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

22. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA

23. Azimuth1, McLean, Virginia, USA

24. Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, Washington, USA

25. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California, USA

26. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA

27. Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

28. Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

29. Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

30. Childhood Cancer Data Lab, Alex’s Lemonade Stand Foundation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Abstract

COVID-19 involves a number of organ systems and can present with a wide range of symptoms. From how the virus infects cells to how it spreads between people, the available research suggests that these patterns are very similar to those seen in the closely related viruses SARS-CoV-1 and possibly Middle East respiratory syndrome-related CoV (MERS-CoV).

Funder

Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation

HHS | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute

HHS | National Institutes of Health

University of Pennsylvania

Fast Grants

John W. and Jeanne M. Rowe Center for Research in Virology

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Computer Science Applications,Genetics,Molecular Biology,Modeling and Simulation,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Biochemistry,Physiology,Microbiology

Reference327 articles.

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2021. COVID-19. Symptoms of COVID-19. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html.

2. Acute lung injury in patients with COVID‐19 infection

3. A Novel Coronavirus Genome Identified in a Cluster of Pneumonia Cases — Wuhan, China 2019−2020

4. Structure, Function, and Evolution of Coronavirus Spike Proteins

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