Affiliation:
1. Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon,1and
2. Centre Hospitalier Général Châlon sur Saône 71000,2 France
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A survey conducted between 1987 and 1994 at the University Hospital of Besançon, France, demonstrated a dramatic increase (from 0 to 42.5%) in the prevalence of amoxicillin resistance among
Salmonella
spp. Of the 96 resistant isolates collected during this period (including 77 Typhimurium), 54 were found to produce TEM-1 β-lactamase, 40 produced PSE-1 (equivalent to CARB-2), one produced PSE-1 plus TEM-2, and one produced OXA-1 in isoelectric focusing and DNA hybridization experiments. Plasmids coding for these β-lactamases were further characterized by (i) profile analysis, (ii) restriction fragmentation pattern analysis, (iii) hybridization with an
spvCD-orfE
virulence probe, and (iv) replicon typing. In addition, isolates of
S. typhimurium
were genotypically compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of
Xba
I-macrorestricted chromosomal DNA. Altogether, these methods showed that 40 of the 41 PSE-1 producers were actually the progeny of a single epidemic
S. typhimurium
strain lysotype DT104. Isolates of that strain were found to harbor RepFIC virulence plasmids with somewhat different restriction profiles, but which all carried the
bla
PSE-1
gene. Of these virulence/resistance plasmids, 15 were transmissible to
Escherichia coli
. TEM-1-producing
S. typhimurium
displayed much greater genotypic and plasmidic diversities, suggesting the acquisition of the
bla
TEM-1
gene from multiple bacterial sources by individual strains. In agreement with this, 32 of the 35
S. typhimurium
plasmids encoding TEM-1 were found to be conjugative. These data show that development of amoxicillin resistance among
Salmonella
, especially in serovar Typhimurium, results from both gene transfers and strain dissemination.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Pharmacology (medical),Pharmacology
Cited by
37 articles.
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