Detecting Sources of Immune Activation and Viral Rebound in HIV Infection

Author:

Wietgrefe Stephen W.1,Duan Lijie1,Anderson Jodi2,Marqués Guillermo3,Sanders Mark3,Cummins Nathan W.4ORCID,Badley Andrew D.4,Dobrowolski Curtis5,Karn Jonathan5,Pagliuzza Amélie6,Chomont Nicolas67,Sannier Gérémy67,Dubé Mathieu6,Kaufmann Daniel E.68,Zuck Paul9,Wu Guoxin9,Howell Bonnie J.9,Reilly Cavan10,Herschhorn Alon2,Schacker Timothy W.2,Haase Ashley T.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

2. Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

3. University Imaging Centers, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

4. Mayo Clinic and Research Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

5. Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

6. Centre du Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada

7. Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada

8. Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada

9. Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA

10. Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

Abstract

Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has greatly improved the quality and length of life for people living with HIV, but immune activation does not normalize during ART, and persistent immune activation has been linked to increased morbidity and mortality. We report a comparison of assays of two potential sources of immune activation during ART: rare cells producing HIV and the virus’ major viral protein, p24, benchmarked on a cell model of active and latent infections and a method to visualize HIV-producing cells.

Funder

FRQ | Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé

Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research

HHS | National Institutes of Health

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology

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