Paracoccidioidomycosis: Current Status and Future Trends

Author:

Hahn Rosane Christine12ORCID,Hagen Ferry345ORCID,Mendes Rinaldo Poncio67,Burger Eva8,Nery Andreia Ferreira12,Siqueira Nathan Pereira1,Guevara Armando1,Rodrigues Anderson Messias910ORCID,de Camargo Zoilo Pires910ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Medical Mycology Laboratory/Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil

2. Júlio Muller Hospital, EBSERH, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil

3. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands

4. Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

5. Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

6. Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

7. Faculdade de Medicina, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

8. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil

9. Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

10. Department of Medicine, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), initially reported in 1908 in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, by Adolpho Lutz, is primarily a systemic and neglected tropical mycosis that may affect individuals with certain risk factors around Latin America, especially Brazil. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis sensu stricto , a classical thermodimorphic fungus associated with PCM, was long considered to represent a monotypic taxon. However, advances in molecular taxonomy revealed several cryptic species, including Paracoccidioides americana , P. restrepiensis , P. venezuelensis , and P. lutzii , that show a preference for skin and mucous membranes, lymph nodes, and respiratory organs but can also affect many other organs.

Funder

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

MCTI | Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,General Immunology and Microbiology,Epidemiology

Reference394 articles.

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