Influence of Hormonal Contraceptive Use and HIV on Cervicovaginal Cytokines and Microbiota in Malawi

Author:

Haddad Lisa B.1ORCID,Tang Jennifer H.234,Davis Nicole L.5,Kourtis Athena P.5,Chinula Lameck234,Msika Albans3,Tegha Gerald3,Hosseinipour Mina C.36,Nelson Julie A. E.7,Hobbs Marcia M.7,Gajer Pawel89,Ravel Jacques8ORCID,De Paris Kristina7ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, New York, USA

2. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

3. UNC Project-Malawi, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi

4. Malawi College of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Blantyre, Malawi

5. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of HIV Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

6. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Infectious Diseases, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

7. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

8. Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Health Sciences Facility III, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

9. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Health Sciences Facility III, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

Abstract

The results of the Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) trial, the first large randomized controlled clinical trial comparing the HIV acquisition risk of women receiving DMPA, the levonorgestrel (LNG) implant, or the copper intrauterine device (IUD), did not reveal an increased risk of HIV acquisition for women on any of these three contraceptives. Our study results confirm that the two different progestin-based hormonal contraceptives DMPA and levonogestrel will not increase the risk for HIV infection.

Funder

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

HHS | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

HHS | NIH | Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health

HHS | National Institutes of Health

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Molecular Biology,Microbiology

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